Spectrogram Theory

Introduction

Spectrograms are produced by a procedure known as the short-time Fourier
transform (STFT). The articles and videos below will give you a deeper understanding of how Raven converts your digital audio recordings into plots in the spectrogram, selection spectrum, and spectrogram slice views, as well as the theoretical limits to time and frequency resolution.

Discussion

Appendix A: Digital Representation of Sound (Raven Pro 1.4 User’s Manual)

Appendix B: A Biologist’s Introduction to Spectrum Analysis (Raven Pro 1.4 User’s Manual)

The Most Important Algorithm Of All Time (video)

But what is the Fourier Transform? A visual introduction (video)

The more general uncertainty principle, regarding Fourier transforms (video)